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EU Battery Regulation 2023/1542

Digital Product Passport for EV, Industrial and Light Means of Transport batteries

LIVESchema v2026.05Reg ref: (EU) 2023/1542
§01Regulatory overview

Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning batteries and waste batteries was adopted on 12 July 2023 and entered into force on 17 August 2023. The Digital Product Passport requirement enters force on 18 February 2027 (Article 77). From that date, every battery placed on the EU market in the categories of electric-vehicle batteries (EV), industrial batteries (Industrial — including stationary battery energy storage systems), and light means of transport batteries (LMT) shall have a Digital Product Passport accessible by a QR code printed on or affixed to the battery, containing the information specified in Annex XIII of the Regulation.

A spreadsheet, document, or non-machine-readable artefact does not satisfy this requirement — software is structurally mandated by the QR-resolvability obligation. The economic operator placing the battery on the EU market is liable for the accuracy, completeness and timeliness of every field in the passport, regardless of which delegation arrangement is in place.

Note on LMT scope: there is no 2 kWh exemption threshold. All LMT batteries irrespective of capacity require a Digital Product Passport from 18 February 2027.

§02Key deadlines
DateClauseApplies toArticle ref
2026-08-18Carbon Footprint declaration mandatoryEV batteriesArt 7(1)
2027-02-18Battery Passport obligation enters forceEV / Industrial / LMTArt 77
2027-08-18Due-diligence report URL mandatoryEV / IndustrialArt 49
2028-08-18Carbon Footprint declaration mandatoryLMT batteriesArt 7(1)
§03Annex XIII coverage
PartTitleFieldsNotes
Part 1General product information13 fieldsManufacturer name / address / registration; economic-operator details; GTIN; battery model identifier; date placed on market.
Part 2Compliance, conformity, EU DoC8 fieldsEU Declaration of Conformity reference + URL; conformity-assessment module; notified-body name + ID; separate-collection symbol.
Part 3Battery composition11 fieldsCathode / anode active material; electrolyte composition; hazardous substance list (JSONB repeating group); critical raw material content + recycled-content split.
Part 4Performance and durability10 fieldsRated energy, initial SoH, round-trip efficiency, self-discharge, internal resistance, C-rates, temperature ranges.
Part 5Circularity7 fieldsDismantling information, spare-parts availability, end-of-life information, renewable content.
Part 6Carbon footprint (Art 7)12 fieldsPer-lifecycle-stage carbon footprint (stages 1–4), CFF methodology, performance class (A/B/C/D), verification body.
Part 7Due diligence (Art 49)3 fields + repeating groupDue-diligence report URL, third-party assurance, critical-raw-material sourcing repeating group.
§04Data-model citations
  • cathode_active_materialAnnex XIII Part 3Cathode active material identification — required for all categories. EUR-Lex →
  • carbon_footprint_intensityAnnex II point 4 · Art 7(1)Total carbon footprint per kWh of total energy provided over the service life of the battery, expressed in kg CO₂e / kWh. EUR-Lex →
  • carbon_footprint_stage1..4Annex II point 4 · CFFPer-lifecycle-stage carbon footprint (raw materials acquisition · main production · distribution · end-of-life).
  • due_diligence_report_urlAnnex XIII Part 7 · Art 49URL to the operator's published due-diligence report for cobalt / lithium / nickel / natural graphite sourcing. Mandatory from 2027-08-18.
  • gtinAnnex XIII Part 1 · GS1 Digital LinkGS1 Global Trade Item Number with check-digit validation. Drives the GS1 Digital Link resolver URL printed on the battery.
§05Implementation notes
  • The EU EES (European Economic Ecosystem) is the canonical registry. Until July 2026 the platform submits to a mock endpoint; live EES submission opens on the registry's published timeline. All submissions and reconciliations are durable; mock-mode submissions are flagged in the audit evidence.
  • Annex XIII access tiers: Tier 1 public fields (model, manufacturer, basic specs) are visible to every QR-scanning party. Tier 3 fields (full material composition, CF detail, supply-chain detail) require legitimate-interest access with a recorded purpose statement under Article 49(5).
  • Second-life battery passports: when a battery is retired from first life, the original passport is retained in REVOKED state and a new second-life passport is created referencing the parent. Both passports remain queryable for the regulation's mandated retention period.
  • Cancel vs Revoke: a passport in Draft or pre-submission state can be Cancelled (admin-level). A passport that has been submitted to EU EES cannot be Cancelled — it must be Revoked, which is a distinct regulatory event captured in the audit evidence.
§06Module state

Module state: LIVE. Demo accounts available from June 2026. To request access for your organisation, contact sales for a Relationship Manager-assigned evaluation.

Contact sales Annex XIII readiness checklist

For the Battery module schema in machine-readable form, see REST API · schema endpoint.

§07Related resources